The International Standards Organization (ISO) Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) is a standard set of rules describing the transfer of data between each layer in a network operating system. Each layer has a specific function. For example, the physical layer deals with the electrical and cable specifications.
The OSI Model clearly defines the interfaces between each layer. This allows different network operating systems and protocols to work together by having each manufacturer adhere to the standard interfaces. The application of the ISO OSI model has allowed the modern multiprotocol networks that exist today. There are seven layers in the OSI model:
7. Application Layer (Top Layer)
6. Presentation Layer
5. Session Layer
4. Transport Layer
3. Network Layer
2. Data Link Layer
1. Physical Layer (Bottom Layer)
The OSI model provides the basic rules that allow multi protocol networks to operate. Understanding the OSI model is instrumental in understanding how the many different protocols fit into the networking jigsaw puzzle. The OSI model is discussed in detail in Chapter 29 Introduction to the ISO - OSI Model.
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