Local Area Networks (LANS)
LANs (local area networks) are networks that connect computers and resources together in a building or buildings that are close together.
The components used by LANs can be divided into cabling standards, hardware, and protocols. Examples of cabling standards used on LANs are:
Cat 3, 4 and 5 cables
IBM Type 1-9 cabling standards
EIA568A and 568B
Ethernet cabling standards: IEEE 802.3 (10Base5), IEEE 802.3a (10Base2),IEEE 802.3i (10BaseT)
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
Connectors: RJ45, RJ11, Hermaphroditic connectors, RS-232, DB-25,BNC, TEE
Examples of hardware devices are:
Network Interface Cards (NICs)
Repeaters
Ethernet Hubs or multi port repeaters
Token Ring Multi Station Access Units (MSAUs), Control Access Units (CAUs) and Lobe Access Modules (LAMs)
Bridges
Brouters
Routers
Gateways
Print servers
File servers
Switches
Examples of LAN protocols are:
Ethernet frame types: Ethernet_II, Ethernet_SNAP, Ethernet_802.2, Ethernet_802.3
Media Access Control layer (MAC layer)
Token Ring: IBM and IEEE 802.5
Logical Link Control Layer (LLC) IEEE 802.2
TCP/IP
SMB, NetBIOS and NetBeui
IPX/SPX
Fiber Distributed Data Interchange (FDDI)
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
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