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doc:appunti:hardware:ups_apc [2008/12/04 15:45] – external edit 127.0.0.1doc:appunti:hardware:ups_apc [2022/11/02 17:49] (current) – [APC Back-UPS CS 500] niccolo
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 +====== Using APC UPS on Debian GNU/Linux ======
 +
 +My home-server system is powered through an UPS unit, the system is composed of the following:
 +
 +  * A **Dell PowerEdge T110** with two 4 Tb hard disks, running Debian GNU/Linux.
 +  * A **DSL router**.
 +  * An **8 ports switch**.
 +
 +All the equipments drawn about **62 W** during daily operation. In several years I tested the following two APC UPSs:
 +
 +  * In 2006 I purchased an **APC Smart-UPS 750 USB**.
 +  * In 2022 I purchased an **APC Back-UPS CS 500**.
 +
 +Both units support monitoring through an **USB cable** and the **apcupsd** program, it seems that the Back-UPS CS 500 does not support the periodic self-test.
 +
 +The **APC Back-UPS CS 500** should be able to supply power for about **30 minutes** to the above system (which the USP itself senses as a 16% load); doing battery calibration with the ''apctest'' tool, it took about 10 minutes to drop from 100% battery charge to 70%.
 +
 ====== APC Smart-UPS 750 USB ====== ====== APC Smart-UPS 750 USB ======
 +
 +L'apparato ha dimensioni **14** x **36** x **16** cm (larghezza, profondità, altezza) ed è equipaggato con **due batterie** sostituibili dall'utente di dimensioni **151 x 65 x 97.5 mm**, capacità di **12 v 7.0 Ah** e attacchi Faston F2 (6.35 mm).
  
 Installare il pacchetto **apcupsd**. Per visualizzare convenientemente lo stato dell'UPS si può usare l'interfaccia web fornita dal pacchetto **apcupsd-cgi** oppure l'interfaccia gtk di **gapcmon**. Installare il pacchetto **apcupsd**. Per visualizzare convenientemente lo stato dell'UPS si può usare l'interfaccia web fornita dal pacchetto **apcupsd-cgi** oppure l'interfaccia gtk di **gapcmon**.
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 UPSTYPE usb UPSTYPE usb
 DEVICE DEVICE
 +</file>
 +
 +Per i vecchi sistemi basati sugli **initscript sysv** bisogna editare anche il file **/etc/default/apcupsd**, mettendo:
 +
 +<file>
 +ISCONFIGURED=yes
 +</file>
 +
 +
 +Gli altri parametri importanti sono le **soglie a cui iniziare lo shutdown** in caso di mancanza di tensione di rete. Si indica quando iniziare lo spengimento in termini di percentuale di carica residua della batteria o di autonomia in minuti (delle due condizioni, quella che si verifica prima):
 +
 +<file>
 +BATTERYLEVEL 40
 +MINUTES 8
 </file> </file>
  
Line 66: Line 99:
 11) Quit 11) Quit
 </file> </file>
- 
  
 ^ New battery date MM/DD/YYYY  ^ ^ New battery date MM/DD/YYYY  ^
 | 08/31/2006  | | 08/31/2006  |
 | 11/15/2008  | | 11/15/2008  |
 +| 09/15/2010  |
 +| 09/15/2012  |
 +| 01/30/2016  |
 +| 10/23/2018  |
 +| 05/29/2021  |
 +| 10/20/2022  |
 +
 +====== APC Back-UPS CS 500 =======
 +
 +The UPS system was configured on a **Debian 11 Bullseye**, it is equipped with a **single user-replaceable battery** sized **151 x 65 x 97.5 mm**, terminals are **Faston F2** type (6.35 mm), the battery is rated **12 volt 7.0 Ah**, 
 +
 +Install the **apcupsd** Debian package. Once connected to the USB port, the GNU/Linux kernel 5.15 will log the following (through **dmesg**):
 +
 +<code>
 +usb 1-6: new low-speed USB device number 14 using xhci_hcd
 +usb 1-6: New USB device found, idVendor=051d, idProduct=0002, bcdDevice= 0.06
 +usb 1-6: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
 +usb 1-6: Product: Back-UPS CS 500 FW:808.q14 .I USB FW:q14 
 +usb 1-6: Manufacturer: American Power Conversion
 +usb 1-6: SerialNumber: 4B2214P31216  
 +hid-generic 0003:051D:0002.0005: hiddev1,hidraw4: USB HID v1.10 Device
 +            [American Power Conversion Back-UPS CS 500 FW:808.q14 .I USB FW:q14 ]
 +            on usb-0000:00:15.0-6/input0
 +</code>
 +
 +When the service **apcupsd.service** is running it is possibile to execute the **apcaccess** tool:
 +
 +<code>
 +apcaccess status
 +</code>
 +
 +the output will show the following:
 +
 +<code>
 +APC      : 001,045,1048
 +DATE     : 2022-10-26 21:12:53 +0200  
 +HOSTNAME : ithaca
 +VERSION  : 3.14.14 (31 May 2016) debian
 +UPSNAME  : ithaca
 +CABLE    : USB Cable
 +DRIVER   : USB UPS Driver
 +UPSMODE  : Stand Alone
 +STARTTIME: 2022-10-26 21:12:51 +0200  
 +MODEL    : Back-UPS CS 500 
 +STATUS   : ONLINE 
 +LINEV    : 228.0 Volts
 +LOADPCT  : 0.0 Percent
 +BCHARGE  : 89.0 Percent
 +TIMELEFT : 188.3 Minutes
 +MBATTCHG : 5 Percent
 +MINTIMEL : 3 Minutes
 +MAXTIME  : 0 Seconds
 +OUTPUTV  : 230.0 Volts
 +SENSE    : Medium
 +DWAKE    : 0 Seconds
 +DSHUTD   : 180 Seconds
 +LOTRANS  : 180.0 Volts
 +HITRANS  : 266.0 Volts
 +RETPCT   : 0.0 Percent
 +ITEMP    : 29.2 C
 +ALARMDEL : 30 Seconds
 +BATTV    : 13.5 Volts
 +LINEFREQ : 50.0 Hz
 +LASTXFER : No transfers since turnon
 +NUMXFERS : 0
 +TONBATT  : 0 Seconds
 +CUMONBATT: 0 Seconds
 +XOFFBATT : N/A
 +SELFTEST : NO
 +STESTI   : None
 +STATFLAG : 0x05000008
 +MANDATE  : 2022-04-10
 +SERIALNO : 4B2214P31216  
 +BATTDATE : 2022-04-10
 +NOMOUTV  : 230 Volts
 +NOMINV   : 230 Volts
 +NOMBATTV : 12.0 Volts
 +NOMPOWER : 300 Watts
 +FIRMWARE : 808.q14 .I USB FW:q
 +END APC  : 2022-10-26 21:12:54 +0200
 +</code>
 +
 +When the service is stopped, it is possible to configure the UPS using the command **apctest**:
 +
 +<code>
 +systemctl stop apcupsd.service
 +apctest
 +</code>
 +
 +<code>
 +Checking configuration ...
 +sharenet.type = Network & ShareUPS Disabled
 +cable.type = USB Cable
 +mode.type = USB UPS Driver
 +Setting up the port ...
 +Doing prep_device() ...
 +
 +You are using a USB cable type, so I'm entering USB test mode
 +Hello, this is the apcupsd Cable Test program.
 +This part of apctest is for testing USB UPSes.
 +
 +Getting UPS capabilities...SUCCESS
 +
 +Please select the function you want to perform.
 +
 +1)  Test kill UPS power
 +2)  Perform self-test
 +3)  Read last self-test result
 +4)  View/Change battery date
 +5)  View manufacturing date
 +6)  View/Change alarm behavior
 +7)  View/Change sensitivity
 +8)  View/Change low transfer voltage
 +9)  View/Change high transfer voltage
 +10) Perform battery calibration
 +11) Test alarm
 +12) View/Change self-test interval
 + Q) Quit
 +
 +Select function number: 
 +</code>
 +
 +The two most important functions are the **#10 battery calibration** and the **#12 self-test interval**. Battery calibration must be initiated with a fully charged battery and the normal load (it should be above 10%); it will end when battery drops below about 25%.
 +
 +Unfortunately it seems that the **Back-UPS CS 500** model does not support the configuration of the **periodic self-test**; chosing option #12 results always in self-test interval **//None//**. I asked the APC support about the self-test on model CS 500: a technician answered me in a few days, saying that that model does a self test on power-on and once every two weeks, but **only if it is operated by the PowerChute sofware**, which is non-free and proprietary software and it does not run on GNU/Linux. One alternative could be to create a cronjob script which stops the **apcupsd** service, run the **apctest** utility calling option #2 **Perform self-test** and then restart the apcupsd service.
 +
 +^ New battery date (MM/DD/YYYY)  |
 +| 04/10/2022  |
 +
 +====== Voltaggio batterie =======
 +
 +{{ sealed-lead-acid-battery-voltage.jpg?120|}}
 +L'UPS ospita due batterie di dimensioni **15.1** x **6.5** x **9.5** **cm** (larghezza, profondità, altezza terminali esclusi), i terminali faston sono di tipo **F2** cioè da **6.35 mm** (0.25 pollici). In questo formati si trovano batterie di capacità da **7.2**, **8.4** oppure **9** **Ah**.
 +
 +Le batterie in questo UPS sono di tipo **[[wp>VRLA battery|VRLA]]** (valve regulated lead–acid), realizzate normalmente con tecnologia **gel** oppure **AGM** (absorbent glass mat). La tensione di queste batterie rispetto al livello di carica è riportata nella tabella a fianco.
 +
 +Generalmente la corrente in standy-by (//**float voltage**//, cioè la tensione a cui viene mantenuta in carica la batteria senza produzione di gas nell'elettrolita) e la corrente di ricarica (//**boost voltage**//, la tensione a cui viene ricaricata la batteria dopo che è stata scaricata) deve essere la seguente:
 +
 +^ Float voltage                 | 13.50 - 13.80 V  |
 +^ Boost voltage for cyclic use  | 14.40 - 15.00 V  |
  
doc/appunti/hardware/ups_apc.1228401953.txt.gz · Last modified: 2010/09/16 16:04 (external edit)