====== Apache ModSecurity 2 ======

Distribuzione di riferimento: **Debian GNU/Linux 12 Bookworm**.

  * **libapache2-mod-security2** - Modulo Apache
  * **modsecurity-crs** - Set di regole OWASP, pacchetto opzionale, ma raccomandato. Viene quindi installato automaticamente.

Il file di configurazione è **/etc/modsecurity/modsecurity.conf**, come è indicato in **/etc/apache2/mods-available/security2.conf**. Nello stesso file viene incluso opzionalmente anche **/usr/share/modsecurity-crs/*.load**, quindi - se viene installato il pacchetto **modsecurity-crs** - tali regole vengono attivate automaticamente.


<file>
# -- Rule engine initialization --
SecRuleEngine DetectionOnly
#SecRuleEngine On
# -- Request body handling --
SecRequestBodyAccess On
# -- Response body handling --
SecResponseBodyAccess Off
# -- Audit log configuration --
SecAuditEngine RelevantOnly
SecAuditLog /var/log/modsec_audit.log

# Track requests to some php pages.
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@beginsWith /wp-login.php"
    "id:1101,phase:1,nolog,pass,initcol:ip=%{REMOTE_ADDR},setvar:ip.req_counter_login=+1"
SecRule REQUEST_URI "@beginsWith /xmlrpc.php"
    "id:1102,phase:1,nolog,pass,initcol:ip=%{REMOTE_ADDR},setvar:ip.req_counter_xmlrpc=+1"
# Threshold: one request every 3 seconds (60 req / 180 s).
SecRule IP:req_counter_login
    "@gt 1000"
    "id:1201,phase:1,log,deny,status:403,msg:'Blocking IP for hammering wp-login.php',setvar:ip.blocked=1,expirevar:ip.blocked=3600"
SecRule IP:req_counter_xmlrpc
    "@gt 1000"
    "id:1202,phase:1,log,deny,status:403,msg:'Blocking IP for hammering xmlrpc.php',setvar:ip.blocked=1,expirevar:ip.blocked=3600"
# Reset the counter using a rolling window.
SecAction "id:1301,phase:1,pass,nolog,expirevar:ip.req_counter_login=3600"
SecAction "id:1302,phase:1,pass,nolog,expirevar:ip.req_counter_xmlrpc=3600"
# Block any further requests if the IP is blocked
SecRule IP:BLOCKED "@eq 1" "id:1401,phase:1,log,deny,status:403,msg:'IP is temporarily blocked due to rate limiting'"
</file>

===== Web References =====

  * **[[https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/wiki/Reference-Manual-%28v2.x%29#user-content-Operators|ModSecurity Operators]]**