doc:appunti:hardware:mini_pc_with_das
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doc:appunti:hardware:mini_pc_with_das [2024/04/29 09:36] – [Mini PC T9Plus with D4-300 TerraMaster DAS] niccolo | doc:appunti:hardware:mini_pc_with_das [2024/10/04 10:42] (current) – [Installing Debian GNU/Linux] niccolo | ||
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My home server is acting also as a domestic firewall (running Debian GNU/Linux), so I opted for a dual LAN Mini-PC. Obviously the only problem is the storage: the embedded SDD disk is not sufficient for my media library, so I opted for an esternal USB Direct Attached Storage. The choice was a **D4-300 TerraMaster DAS** which will host **two 4 Tb 3.5 inches drives** (leaving two empty slots). | My home server is acting also as a domestic firewall (running Debian GNU/Linux), so I opted for a dual LAN Mini-PC. Obviously the only problem is the storage: the embedded SDD disk is not sufficient for my media library, so I opted for an esternal USB Direct Attached Storage. The choice was a **D4-300 TerraMaster DAS** which will host **two 4 Tb 3.5 inches drives** (leaving two empty slots). | ||
- | ^ Mini PC T9Plus | + | ^ Mini PC T9Plus |
^ CPU | Intel(R) N95, 4 Cores | | ^ CPU | Intel(R) N95, 4 Cores | | ||
^ RAM | 16 Gb | | ^ RAM | 16 Gb | | ||
Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
^ WiFi | Realtek RTL8852BE PCIe 802.11ax | ^ WiFi | Realtek RTL8852BE PCIe 802.11ax | ||
^ Video | Intel Alder Lake-N UHD Graphics | ^ Video | Intel Alder Lake-N UHD Graphics | ||
+ | |||
+ | ^ D4-300 TerraMaster DAS ^^ | ||
+ | ^ Disk Slot Number | ||
+ | ^ Compatible Disk Types | 3.5" SATA HDD\\ 2.5" SATA HDD\\ 2.5" SATA SSD | | ||
+ | ^ USB | USB3.1 Type-C gen1 x 1 | | ||
===== Installing Debian GNU/Linux ===== | ===== Installing Debian GNU/Linux ===== | ||
- | It seems that Linux **kernel 6.1.0** (as shipped with Debian 12 Bookworm) still does not support the WiFi adapter **RTL8852BE**. | + | It seems that Linux **kernel 6.1.0** (as shipped with Debian 12 Bookworm) still does not support the WiFi adapter **RTL8852BE**, see this page **[[rtl8852be_on_debian_12]]**. |
+ | |||
+ | These are the USB and PCI peripherals: | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | Bus 001 Device 008: ID 1a86:7523 QinHeng Electronics CH340 serial converter | ||
+ | Bus 001 Device 006: ID 0573:1573 Zoran Co. Personal Media Division (Nogatech) USB Audio and HID | ||
+ | Bus 001 Device 005: ID 174c:2074 ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1074 High-Speed hub | ||
+ | Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0bda:b85b Realtek Semiconductor Corp. Bluetooth Radio | ||
+ | Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Device 4618 | ||
+ | 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N [UHD Graphics] | ||
+ | 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N PCH USB 3.2 xHCI Host Controller | ||
+ | 00:14.2 RAM memory: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N PCH Shared SRAM | ||
+ | 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N PCH HECI Controller | ||
+ | 00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N SATA AHCI Controller | ||
+ | 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 54bb | ||
+ | 00:1d.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N PCI Express Root Port | ||
+ | 00:1d.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N PCI Express Root Port | ||
+ | 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Device 5482 | ||
+ | 00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N PCH High Definition Audio Controller | ||
+ | 00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N SMBus | ||
+ | 00:1f.5 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-N SPI (flash) Controller | ||
+ | 01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | ||
+ | RTL8111/ | ||
+ | 02:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | ||
+ | RTL8852BE PCIe 802.11ax Wireless Network Controller | ||
+ | 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. | ||
+ | RTL8111/ | ||
+ | </ | ||
==== The RGB rainbow LEDs ==== | ==== The RGB rainbow LEDs ==== | ||
Line 46: | Line 83: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | ===== Reboot problem | + | ===== Always on ===== |
- | Sometimes (randomly, about 50% of the time) the **reboot** command does not work. The shutdown process seems to proceed well and the PC seems to begin the reboot process, but the video signal does not switch-on and the host remains frozen. | + | Press **Del** at bootstrap time to enter the BIOS settings, go to the **Boot** page and set **State After G3** => **S0 State**. |
+ | |||
+ | The ACPI power states are: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * S0: Normal Powered-On state (system working) | ||
+ | * S1: Standby | ||
+ | * S3: Suspend to Ram | ||
+ | * S4: Suspend to Disk | ||
+ | * S5: Shutdown state (soft off: some devices are still powered-on) | ||
+ | * G3: Mechanical off state | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== USB Fast Boot problem ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{ .: | ||
+ | Sometimes (randomly, about 50% of the time) the **reboot** command does not work. The shutdown process seems to proceed well and the PC seems to begin the reboot process, but the video signal does not switch-on and the host remains frozen. The power LED remains on. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The wake-on-lan (which is working well in normal power-off condition) does not reboot the PC when it freezes in that way. | ||
+ | |||
+ | It seems that **the reboot problem is tied to the USB attached storage**. If I remove the TerraMaster DAS and allow the Mini PC to boot with just the GNU/Linux operating system from the SSD, the reboot seems 100% reliable. | ||
+ | |||
+ | May be I found a workaround for the problem: in the BIOS settings I set the **Boot** => **Fast Boot** to **Enabled**, | ||
+ | |||
+ | The problem with this workaround is that **you cannot longer enter into the BIOS setup program**, because the USB keyboard is not initialized at boot and **you cannot press the Delete key**. | ||
+ | |||
+ | If the system starts normally, it is simple to enter the BIOS setup from a Linux command propt; just issue the command: | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | systemctl reboot --firmware-setup | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | It seems that - by chance - I was able to **entered the BIOS setup even when Fast Boot was enabled**; it was a mix of keeping the Delete key pressed on the keyboard while long-pressing the power button for about 4 seconds, or by repeatedly pushing the power button 4 or 5 times. But I was not able to replicate this behaviour in a consistend manner. | ||
===== The D4-300 USB attacched storage ===== | ===== The D4-300 USB attacched storage ===== | ||
Line 77: | Line 144: | ||
... | ... | ||
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== USB instability ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | It turned out that **the USB bus is not reliable enough**, maybe due **power issues**. Simply inserting a USB storage key caused **read errors** on the USB attached storage and a consequent **kernel panic**. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== USB Direct Attached Storage ===== | ||
==== Performance ==== | ==== Performance ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | I installed two hard disks on the Terramaster DAS: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Western Digital 3.5" 4Tb WD Red NAS 256 Mb, 5400 rpm, SATA 6Gb/s - **WDC WD40EFZX-68AWUN0** | ||
+ | * Seagate IronWolf 3.5" 4Tb 64 Mb cache, 5900 rpm, SATA 6Gb/s - **ST4000VN008-2DR166** | ||
+ | |||
+ | I made some tests on read performances on the USB attached device using **hdparm**. Here are the average results, which are similar on both my RAID disks (a bare 1% more performance on the Western Digital): | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | hdparm -t /dev/sdb | ||
+ | /dev/sdb: | ||
+ | | ||
+ | </ | ||
==== Power management ==== | ==== Power management ==== | ||
Line 146: | Line 232: | ||
- | ===== Web References | + | ===== ACPI errors |
+ | During bootstrap several error messages appears on the console (and are logged in syslog): | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | ACPI BIOS Error (bug): Could not resolve symbol [\_SB.PC00.TXHC.RHUB.SS01], | ||
+ | ACPI BIOS Error (bug): Could not resolve symbol [\_SB.UBTC.RUCC], | ||
+ | ACPI BIOS Error (bug): Could not resolve symbol [\_SB.PC00.LPCB.ITE8.GETT], | ||
+ | ... | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | This is caused by the BIOS missing the " | ||
+ | |||
+ | < | ||
+ | GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=" | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | Do an '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Web References ===== | ||
* **[[https:// | * **[[https:// | ||
* **[[https:// | * **[[https:// | ||
+ | * **[[t9plus_mini_pc_rgb_led_control]]** | ||
* **[[https:// | * **[[https:// | ||
* **[[https:// | * **[[https:// | ||
* **[[https:// | * **[[https:// | ||
+ | * **[[https:// | ||
doc/appunti/hardware/mini_pc_with_das.1714376207.txt.gz · Last modified: 2024/04/29 09:36 by niccolo