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--- doc:appunti:hardware:ups_apc [2018/10/24 07:04] – [apcaccess e apctest] niccolo
+++ doc:appunti:hardware:ups_apc [2022/11/02 17:39] – [APC Back-UPS CS 500] niccolo
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+====== Using APC UPS on Debian GNU/Linux ======
+My home-server system is powered through an UPS unit, the system is composed of the following:
+  * A **Dell PowerEdge T110** with two 4 Tb hard disks, running Debian GNU/Linux.
+  * A **DSL router**.
+  * An **8 ports switch**.
+All the equipments drawn about **62 W** during daily operation. In several years I tested the following two APC UPSs:
+  * In 2006 I purchased an **APC Smart-UPS 750 USB**.
+  * In 2022 I purchased an **APC Back-UPS CS 500**.
+Both units support monitoring through an **USB cable** and the **apcupsd** program, it seems that the Back-UPS CS 500 does not support the periodic self-test.
+The **APC Back-UPS CS 500** should be able to supply power for about **30 minutes** to the above system (which the USP itself senses as a 16% load); doing battery calibration with the ''apctest'' tool, it took about 10 minutes to drop from 100% battery charge to 70%.
 ====== APC Smart-UPS 750 USB ======
+L'apparato ha dimensioni **14** x **36** x **16** cm (larghezza, profondità, altezza) ed è equipaggato con **due batterie** sostituibili dall'utente di dimensioni **151 x 65 x 97.5 mm**, capacità di **12 v 7.0 Ah** e attacchi Faston F2 (6.35 mm).
 Installare il pacchetto **apcupsd**. Per visualizzare convenientemente lo stato dell'UPS si può usare l'interfaccia web fornita dal pacchetto **apcupsd-cgi** oppure l'interfaccia gtk di **gapcmon**.
@@ Line 34: / Line 53: @@
 UPSTYPE usb
 DEVICE
+</file>
+Per i vecchi sistemi basati sugli **initscript sysv** bisogna editare anche il file **/etc/default/apcupsd**, mettendo:
+<file>
+ISCONFIGURED=yes
+</file>
+Gli altri parametri importanti sono le **soglie a cui iniziare lo shutdown** in caso di mancanza di tensione di rete. Si indica quando iniziare lo spengimento in termini di percentuale di carica residua della batteria o di autonomia in minuti (delle due condizioni, quella che si verifica prima):
+<file>
+BATTERYLEVEL 40
+MINUTES 8
 </file>
@@ Line 66: / Line 99: @@
 ) Quit
 </file>
 ^ New battery date MM/DD/YYYY  ^
@@ Line 75: / Line 107: @@
 | 01/30/2016  |
 | 10/23/2018  |
+| 05/29/2021  |
+| 10/20/2022  |
+====== APC Back-UPS CS 500 =======
+The UPS system was configured on a **Debian 11 Bullseye**, it is equipped with a **single user-replaceable battery** sized **151 x 65 x 97.5 mm**, terminals are **Faston F2** type (6.35 mm), the battery is rated **12 volt 7.0 Ah**,
+Install the **apcupsd** Debian package. Once connected to the USB port, the GNU/Linux kernel 5.15 will log the following (through **dmesg**):
+<code>
+usb 1-6: new low-speed USB device number 14 using xhci_hcd
+usb 1-6: New USB device found, idVendor=051d, idProduct=0002, bcdDevice= 0.06
+usb 1-6: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
+usb 1-6: Product: Back-UPS CS 500 FW:808.q14 .I USB FW:q14
+usb 1-6: Manufacturer: American Power Conversion
+usb 1-6: SerialNumber: 4B2214P31216
+hid-generic 0003:051D:0002.0005: hiddev1,hidraw4: USB HID v1.10 Device
+            [American Power Conversion Back-UPS CS 500 FW:808.q14 .I USB FW:q14 ]
+            on usb-0000:00:15.0-6/input0
+</code>
+When the service **apcupsd.service** is running it is possibile to execute the **apcaccess** tool:
+<code>
+apcaccess status
+</code>
+the output will show the following:
+<code>
+APC      : 001,045,1048
+DATE     : 2022-10-26 21:12:53 +0200
+HOSTNAME : ithaca
+VERSION  : 3.14.14 (31 May 2016) debian
+UPSNAME  : ithaca
+CABLE    : USB Cable
+DRIVER   : USB UPS Driver
+UPSMODE  : Stand Alone
+STARTTIME: 2022-10-26 21:12:51 +0200
+MODEL    : Back-UPS CS 500
+STATUS   : ONLINE
+LINEV    : 228.0 Volts
+LOADPCT  : 0.0 Percent
+BCHARGE  : 89.0 Percent
+TIMELEFT : 188.3 Minutes
+MBATTCHG : 5 Percent
+MINTIMEL : 3 Minutes
+MAXTIME  : 0 Seconds
+OUTPUTV  : 230.0 Volts
+SENSE    : Medium
+DWAKE    : 0 Seconds
+DSHUTD   : 180 Seconds
+LOTRANS  : 180.0 Volts
+HITRANS  : 266.0 Volts
+RETPCT   : 0.0 Percent
+ITEMP    : 29.2 C
+ALARMDEL : 30 Seconds
+BATTV    : 13.5 Volts
+LINEFREQ : 50.0 Hz
+LASTXFER : No transfers since turnon
+NUMXFERS : 0
+TONBATT  : 0 Seconds
+CUMONBATT: 0 Seconds
+XOFFBATT : N/A
+SELFTEST : NO
+STESTI   : None
+STATFLAG : 0x05000008
+MANDATE  : 2022-04-10
+SERIALNO : 4B2214P31216
+BATTDATE : 2022-04-10
+NOMOUTV  : 230 Volts
+NOMINV   : 230 Volts
+NOMBATTV : 12.0 Volts
+NOMPOWER : 300 Watts
+FIRMWARE : 808.q14 .I USB FW:q
+END APC  : 2022-10-26 21:12:54 +0200
+</code>
+When the service is stopped, it is possible to configure the UPS using the command **apctest**:
+<code>
+systemctl stop apcupsd.service
+apctest
+</code>
+<code>
+Checking configuration ...
+sharenet.type = Network & ShareUPS Disabled
+cable.type = USB Cable
+mode.type = USB UPS Driver
+Setting up the port ...
+Doing prep_device() ...
+You are using a USB cable type, so I'm entering USB test mode
+Hello, this is the apcupsd Cable Test program.
+This part of apctest is for testing USB UPSes.
+Getting UPS capabilities...SUCCESS
+Please select the function you want to perform.
+)  Test kill UPS power
+)  Perform self-test
+)  Read last self-test result
+)  View/Change battery date
+)  View manufacturing date
+)  View/Change alarm behavior
+)  View/Change sensitivity
+)  View/Change low transfer voltage
+)  View/Change high transfer voltage
+) Perform battery calibration
+) Test alarm
+) View/Change self-test interval
+ Q) Quit
+Select function number:
+</code>
+The two most important functions are the **#10 battery calibration** and the **#12 self-test interval**. Battery calibration must be initiated with a fully charged battery and the normal load (it should be above 10%); it will end when battery drops below about 25%.
+Unfortunately it seems that the **Back-UPS CS 500** model does not support the configuration of the **periodic self-test**, chosing option #12 results always in self-test interval **//None//**. However I asked the APC support about the self-test on model CS 500: a technician answered me in a few days, saying that that model **does a self test** on **power-on** and once **every two weeks**.
+^ New battery date (MM/DD/YYYY)  |
+| 04/10/2022  |
+====== Voltaggio batterie =======
+{{ sealed-lead-acid-battery-voltage.jpg?120|}}
+L'UPS ospita due batterie di dimensioni **15.1** x **6.5** x **9.5** **cm** (larghezza, profondità, altezza terminali esclusi), i terminali faston sono di tipo **F2** cioè da **6.35 mm** (0.25 pollici). In questo formati si trovano batterie di capacità da **7.2**, **8.4** oppure **9** **Ah**.
+Le batterie in questo UPS sono di tipo **[[wp>VRLA battery|VRLA]]** (valve regulated lead–acid), realizzate normalmente con tecnologia **gel** oppure **AGM** (absorbent glass mat). La tensione di queste batterie rispetto al livello di carica è riportata nella tabella a fianco.
+Generalmente la corrente in standy-by (//**float voltage**//, cioè la tensione a cui viene mantenuta in carica la batteria senza produzione di gas nell'elettrolita) e la corrente di ricarica (//**boost voltage**//, la tensione a cui viene ricaricata la batteria dopo che è stata scaricata) deve essere la seguente:
+^ Float voltage                 | 13.50 - 13.80 V  |
+^ Boost voltage for cyclic use  | 14.40 - 15.00 V  |